Materialism (Democritus, Epictetus, and Lucretius) Idealism (Berkeley) Democritus (c. 400 BCE) was a pre-Socratic thinker who claimed that reality is composed exclusively of infinitesimal indestructible “Atoms” (in Greek the word ‘atom’ literally means “unbreakable”) thus his theory was called “Atomism” These tiny “seed-like” particles exist in a cosmic “void” and move around according to forces…

We used to think of Jesus and his Nazareth compatriots as essentially backward uneducated Galilean country folk who probably could not read or write and who were ignorant about the rest of the world. Although the town of Sepphoris was known of down through the middle-ages, it was not rediscovered and explored archeologically until the…